THE ROLE OF OPTICAL SOLITONS IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS
Keywords:
optical soliton, fiber optics, nonlinear propagationAbstract
Modern optical communication systems demand high-speed data
transmission with minimal signal distortion over long distances. One of the most
effective solutions to mitigate the effects of dispersion and nonlinearity in optical
fibers is the use of optical solitons—nonlinear light pulses that can maintain their
shape during propagation. This study explores the role and dynamics of solitons
in various optical fiber configurations, including conventional fibers, Fiber Bragg
Gratings (FBG), and gas-filled hollow-core fibers. Through numerical simulations
using the Split-Step Fourier Method (SSFM) and Step-Split Method, it is shown
that a balance between Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD) and Self-Phase
Modulation (SPM) allows for the formation of stable soliton pulses. Previous
research highlights the influence of fiber loss, higher-order dispersion, and
structural parameters on pulse stability and symmetry. Furthermore, recent
advancements in gas-filled hollow-core fibers have enabled broader spectral
coverage and higher propagation intensities, leading to extreme pulse
compression on the sub-femtosecond scale and tunable dispersive wave emission.
This review affirms that optical solitons are not only of theoretical significance
but also hold great promise for practical applications in high-speed optical
communication and ultrafast light generation technologies
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