DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A PORTABLE REFRIGERATOR BASED ON A THERMOELECTRIC PELTIER
Keywords:
Energy efficiency; Heat transfer; Peltier module; Portable refrigerator; Temperature control; Thermoelectric coolingAbstract
The increasing demand for cooling technology in modern society has contributed to environmental challenges, particularly those related to the use of refrigerants such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) that can damage the ozone layer and contribute to global warming. Conventional refrigeration systems generally rely on vapor compression cycles that require chemical refrigerants and relatively high electrical energy consumption. Therefore, alternative cooling technologies that are environmentally friendly, compact, and energy efficient are needed. One promising solution is the application of thermoelectric cooling technology based on the Peltier effect. This study aims to design, construct, and evaluate the performance of a portable refrigerator based on a Peltier module. The research used a design-and-build method conducted in the Physics Laboratory of PMIPA FKIP Universitas Riau. The cooling system utilizes a TEC-12706 thermoelectric module powered by a 12-volt DC power supply combined with heatsinks, cooling fans, and thermal insulation. Experimental testing was conducted using two variations of water volume, namely 100 ml and 200 ml, to evaluate the cooling performance of the device over a period of 30 minutes. The results show that the portable refrigerator successfully reduced the temperature of 100 ml of water from 30.8°C to 28.4°C within 30 minutes, while the temperature of 200 ml water decreased from 30.8°C to 29.4°C during the same duration. These findings indicate that thermoelectric cooling is more effective for small thermal loads. The study demonstrates that portable thermoelectric refrigeration systems offer an environmentally friendly cooling alternative suitable for small-scale applications.
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